Monday, 5/19 - Final Study Guide

• P&P

• Discuss "The Destructors" (link for Sir Christopher Wren, architect of Old Misery's house)and "Once upon a Time" in light of Modernist trends:
• Totalitarianism
• Critique of established traditions (and institutions)
• truth, goodness, beauty
• The Church, government (colonialism), family
• Literary conventions, romanticism, chivalry
• Nihilism (Materialism)
• Harsh cosmic (situational) irony
• Loss or critique of English colonies

• Read "Eveline" if there is time and discuss in the same (florescent) light

FINAL STUDY GUIDE

The final will be mainly scantron. I will ask you one question to which you will respond with an extended paragraph (which I will grade according to your support, insight, and grammar).

I will have a section on the scantron that asks you to match authors and their works. I will also have key quotes from texts that will require you to identify the work.

The only historical overview component will be the Modernist (20th Century) and Victorian eras.

• Modernism

• Historical Overview
• Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Darwin (know their works and effects)
• Authors and their texts
• Grahame Greene
• "The Destructors" 
• James Joyce
• "Eveline"
• Nadine Gordimer
• "Once upon a Time"

• Lit Terms
• Modernism - an early twentieth-century artistic trend marked by the following characteristics: (1) the desire to break away from established traditions, (2) a quest to find fresh ways to view man's position or function in the universe [read "atheistic," (3) experiments in form and style, particularly with fragmentation--as opposed to the "organic" theories of literary unity appearing in the Romantic and Victorian periods (taken from Dr. Wheeler's Lit Terms)
• Irony 
• Verbal 
• Dramatic 
• Situational (or Cosmic) 

• Tone - an author's underlying attitudes that control and color the story as a whole (both his characters and subject).
  • Notice that the tone is an adjective: (e.g. formal or informal, playful, ironic, brooding, optimistic, hopeful, pessimistic, bitter, cynical, or sensual.) 
   

• Victorianism

• Historical Overview 
• Authors and their texts
• Oscar Wilde
• The Importance of Being Earnest
• An Ideal Husband (film)

• Lit Terms
• Paradox
• Understatement
• Hyperbole
• Comedy of Manners

• Romanticism 

• Authors and their texts
• First Generation Romantic poets and their poems
• William Blake
• "Chimney Sweeper" poems
• "The Tyger"
• "The Lamb"
• "A Poison Tree" 

• William Wordsworth 
• "Composed upon Westminster Bridge"   
• "The World Is Too Much with Us" 

• Samuel Taylor Coleridge
• The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 

• Second Generation Romantic poets and their poems
• Lord Byron
• "The Destruction of Sennacherib" 
• "She Walks in Beauty" 
• "Darkness"  
• "Prometheus" 

•  Percy Shelley
• A Song: "Men of England"  
• Ozymandias 

• John Keats
• When I have fears that I may cease to be
• Ode on Melancholy 
• Ode on a Grecian Urn

• Lit Terms & Romantic Obsessions
• Symbiotic relationship between the imagination and Nature
• The subjective, inner life of the poet
• The Sublime - terrifying beauty (think of a volcano or the rugged Alps jutting up like a great white's dorsal fin)
• Romantic Orientalism - the mysteriousness of the east
• Ancient ruins - man's fleeting grandeur surpassed by Nature's permanence
• Intuition and spontaneous feeling over rationalism and premeditated thought
• Creativity over logic
• Individual freedom over social law
• Mortality, mystery, supernaturalism 
• Solitary sufferer
• Imagery
• visual - sight
• aural - sound
• tactile - touch
• olfactory - smell
• gustatory - taste
• kinesthetic - movement

• The Restoration and the 18th Century 
• Authors and their texts
• John Milton
• Paradise Lost (epic)
• Samuel Johnson
• "Proposal for a Female Army" (light satire)
• Jonathan Swift 
• A Modest Proposal (dark satire)
• Lit Terms
• Satire 
• epic simile
• in medias res
• invocation of the muse
• epic
• Premise - an assertion that supports a conclusion
• Conclusion - the main assertion that follows from a premise or premises
• Counterargument - an opposing viewpoint or premise
• Refutation (to refute) - a discrediting of a counterargument
• Concession (to concede) - an acknowledgment of the merit of a counterargument
• Logos (logical), Ethos (ethical), and Pathos (emotional): the three types of appeals into which Aristotle divided the art of rhetoric, argument, or persuasion.
  • Logos - logical appeals
    • logic (syllogisms), facts, statistics
  • Ethos - ethical appeals
    • moments when and ways in which a writer or speaker addresses how he is qualified, moral, and charitable (i.e. has the audience's best interests in mind)
  • Pathos - emotional appeals
    • the use of anecdotes, figurative language, symbols, and images to appeal to an audience's emotions